In the 2015/16 production season, lemon production has a share of around 8% with 6.9 million tons in the world's total citrus production. In the same season, world lemon production decreased by 6 % compared to the previous marketing year. This season, Mexico ranks first among the producer countries with a production share of 34% , followed by Argentina, EU countries, USA and Turkey, respectively. Turkey ranks fifth in production.
Ranking first in world lemon production with 2.4 million tons in the 2015/2016 production season, Mexico's production increased by 2 % compared to the previous season. Despite the increase in production, imports increased by 50 % compared to the previous season, while exports increased by 9 %.
Ranking second in world lemon production with 1.4 million tons of lemon production in the 2015/2016 production season, Argentina decreased its production by 7 % compared to the previous season. Despite the decrease in production, exports increased by 51 %.
In the same season, it is seen that the EU countries, which ranked third with 1.3 million tons of production, decreased their production by 21 % compared to the previous season and increased their imports by 40 %.
In the 2015/16 production season, world lemon exports amounted to 1 million 822 thousand tons and increased by 6 % compared to the previous season. In the same season, Mexico took the first place in exports by meeting 36% of the world's lemon exports, while Turkey was in the second place with an export share of 24%, Argentina was in the third ( 15% ) and South Africa was in the fourth ( 13% ).
In the 2015/2016 marketing year, world lemon import was 1 million 812 thousand tons and increased by 13 % compared to the previous season. The country with the most important share in imports was the USA with 615 thousand tons ( 34% ). The USA is followed by the EU, Russia and Saudi Arabia, respectively.
In the 2015/2016 production year, while the world lemon consumption decreased by 3 % compared to the previous season, it is observed that the fresh domestic consumption increased by 1 %.
Among the countries with favorable ecologies for lemon production, Turkey is the country with the best current situation in terms of potential and advantages. Because the country, whose product quality is very high, is thought to continue to increase its weight in the international platform in the coming years, as the kütdiken variety it has is unmatched when compared to the lemon varieties in the world in terms of both quality and preservation and resistance to the road.
In today's world, where the increasing demand for seedless in citrus fruits has become desirable for the lemon species, some global nursery companies are making preparations for the entry of seedless lemon varieties into trade. expected to arrive.
Lemon Forecast in the World
According to USDA estimates for the 2016/17 production season, it is thought that world lemon production, which was 7.2 million tons, increased by 4 % compared to the previous season. It is estimated that there will be an increase of 3 % both in the amount of production devoted to processing and in fresh consumption. It is thought that there is an increase in lemon trade with the increase in exports from South Africa and Turkey.
On the basis of countries, Mexico is expected to rank first in world lemon production with a production share of 33% in the same production season, followed by EU countries ( 21% ), Argentina ( 18% ), and the USA ( 10% ). is expected to follow. Turkey ranks fifth in world lemon production with a 10% production share. While Argentina's production amount decreased by 6 % compared to the previous season, it is estimated that there was a 20 % increase in EU countries due to favorable weather conditions.
According to USDA forecasts for the 2016/17 production season, Mexico ranks first in exports by meeting 36% of the world's lemon exports, while Turkey ranks second with an export share of 26% , South Africa ranks third ( 14% ), and Argentina ranks fourth ( 12% ). . It is estimated that world lemon exports increased by 4 % compared to the previous season.
According to the 2016/2017 USDA estimates, 1 million 805 thousand tons of lemon import, which is thought to have been realized this season, does not show any significant difference compared to the previous season. It is estimated that 38% of imports are met by the USA, 25% by EU countries and 12% by Russia.
It is estimated that fresh domestic consumption in 2016/2017 increased by 3 % compared to the previous season and amounted to 5.1 million tons.
Although Turkey produced approximately 4.3 million tons of citrus fruit in 2016; Almost all of the production is provided from the Aegean and Mediterranean Regions. It is seen that citrus production is concentrated in Adana , Mersin , Hatay and Osmaniye provinces. In the Mediterranean Region ( 88% ), which constitutes the most important part of Turkey's total citrus production , 36% of Turkey's total orange production, 27% of tangerine production, 19% of lemon production and 6% of grapefruit production is carried out.
There has been an increase in citrus production in Turkey due to the increase in the total number of trees as of 2015 and 2016.
Among the total citrus production for 2016, the most produced type is orange (43%), followed by tangerine (31%), lemon (20%) and grapefruit (6%).
While the total citrus production increased by 8 % compared to 2015, only the King variety of tangerine decreased by 7 %. Compared to the 2015 season, the highest increase ( 16% ) was in tangerine production.
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Turkey's citrus production has reached the level of approximately 4,29 million tons with an increase of 44% in the last ten years. While the total citrus production area was 111 thousand hectares in 2007, it increased to 135 thousand hectares in 2016 with an increase of 23% . The reason for the increase in the last 10 years is due to the increase in production areas as well as the increase in yield per tree. However, it is important that this increase is made in order to extend the production period.
Due to the fact that lemon prices have been above expectations in the last few years in Turkey, lemon has been the preferred type for garden plants in regions where citrus is grown. However, it is predicted that there will be a decrease of approximately 1% in the production areas in the next 5 years due to the preference of more frequent planting spacing in the new garden facility.
Turkey's lemon production covers a longer commercial period compared to oranges and tangerines. The biggest advantage is the superior quality of the Kütdiken variety, which is mainly produced, and its ability to be preserved for up to 9 months. In addition, the high potential of the newly developed seedless lemon varieties in the international sense strengthens the possibility of transforming the fragile structure of lemon production into a safer one.
750 thousand 550 tons of lemon production was realized in Turkey in the 2015/2016 production season, 92% of the production is met by the Mediterranean and 7% by the Aegean Region. There is a 3 % increase in production compared to the previous season. When we look at the lemon production of the provinces, it is seen that Mersin ranks first in Turkey's lemon production with a 60% production share in the same season. Mersin is followed by Adana ( 18% ) and Antalya ( 10% ).
Turkey's total lemon export in 2016 was 448 thousand 781 tons, with a 24% export share, the most lemon exports were made to the Russian Federation . Iraq ( 17% ) and Saudi Arabia ( 13% ) are among the countries that export the most lemons.
Lemon import was 3,82 tons, with 56% from the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, 16% from the Russian Federation, and 12% from Brazil.
In the 2015/2016 production season, it is seen that the total lemon consumption of Turkey increased by 29% compared to the previous season, and the total lemon usage increased by 4 % compared to the previous season. While a decrease of 12 % was observed in exports compared to the previous season, a significant increase was observed in imports, which amounted to 3 thousand tons.
According to TUIK data, lemon producer prices were 0.72 TL/Kg in 2013, 0.91 TL/Kg in 2014, 1.08 TL/Kg in 2015, 1.39 TL/Kg in 2016 and 1.39 TL/Kg in 2017. It was realized in kg, and it can be said that lemon producer prices are in an increasing trend over the years.
It is estimated that the production of lemon, which is estimated to have produced 851 thousand tons in the 2016/2017 production season, increased by 13 % compared to the previous season. It is estimated that imports, which are thought to be 4 thousand tons, increased by 27% and exports by 25 % compared to the previous season. It is estimated that the total lemon consumption, which is expected to be 362 thousand tons in the same season, does not show a significant increase compared to the previous season.
When the proficiency levels in lemon are examined by years, it is seen that it is above 100%. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in production areas. With the start of production of new plantations, it is expected that there will be significant increases in the amount of production. The most important reason for the increase in lemon production areas is due to the high export potential. Because lemons produced in Turkey have high product quality, good quality and storage conditions, and natural storage possibilities. As a result of recent R&D studies, the intense interest of newly developed varieties in the world market will increase the chance of export.
In Turkey, it is predicted that 765,187 tons of lemon will be produced on an area of 270,734 decares in 2017, and 776,941 tons of lemons will be produced on an area of 272,347 decares in 2018.
Sources
Serkan SEZEN