Considering the changing climate, disease and yield conditions, all of the human-made hybridization studies in order to produce the seed that will provide the highest quality and yield are called seed breeding. These studies are carried out in public or private sector breeding stations.
Thanks to the new seeds found in these studies, the disease, cold and heat resistance of the products is increased, in addition to obtaining high quality and quantity products, as well as an increase in economic profit.
Breeding seeds is the same as obtaining hybrid seeds.
Regarding this, we have mentioned how hybrid seeds are obtained in our previous articles.
Related Content: What is a Hybrid Seed?
It is worth mentioning briefly here again.
In this example, we will talk about how a hybrid tomato seed is obtained.
In hybrid seed production studies, the father plant is planted approximately 10 days before the mother plant. The relationship between the living things such as bees and insects, which will provide natural pollination in the external environment, and the environment where the improvement will be made is cut off.
In the hybrid process, there are no blooming flowers on the tomato plant. These flowers are cut and cleaned. In this process, the unopened flowers on the plant are used. For hybridization, petals from unopened flowers are separated by hand or with forceps. This process is called emasculation, that is, castration. Due to pollen transport, the male organs are separated without damaging the female organ (stigma). In case of damage to the female organ, the flower does not hold seeds.
One day after the emasculation process, the flower powders taken from the paternal lines are adhered to the female organ (stigma) by hand or with a brush. After this process, the seeds of the hybrid fruit that will emerge from the flower are hybrid seeds, and this is called breeding work.
In addition to the companies that breed seeds from abroad or imported seeds in our country; There are also many domestic companies that are very successful in seed breeding and production with their own means, and the number of these companies is increasing every year. It takes many years to find a new variety in seed, to keep this variety in the market and to have the power to compete in international markets. The process is very long and tedious and requires capital and patience.
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In our country, serious progress has been made in domestic breeding studies and we have domestic breeding facilities that produce new varieties that have reached the capacity to compete with their competitors in the world.
You can reach our seed breeding companies on the web page of the sub-union of seed producers and industrialists.
Why Seed Breeding?
Seed breeding is done to obtain healthier, more efficient and higher quality products. Just like in human life; There are diseases, pests, cold and hot climatic conditions that are constantly changing in plant life. Existing products cannot adapt to changing disease and pest species and changing climatic conditions and lose their commercial value. Breeding studies are carried out to create new varieties that will adapt and resist these changes.
In addition, breeding studies are carried out in order to create a new commercial demand in the market by finding products in new colors, sizes, flavors and aromas that will attract the attention of consumers in the world markets.